Integrated circuits are commonly known as silicon chips. They are usually made from layers of materials by a process which includes etching, using various marks (templates) which are made photographically. The simplest integrated circuit consists of three layer one of which is made from semiconductor material.
A semiconductor material in terms of its ability to conduct electricity is one which lies between a conductor, such as copper and an insulator, such as rubber.
Examples: silicon, germanium, selenium and gallium arsenide.
Semiconductor integrated circuit means a product having transistors and other circuitry
elements which are inseparably formed on a semiconductor material or an insulating
material or inside the semiconductor material and designed to perform an electronic
circuitry function.
Layout design means a layout of transistors and other circuitry elements and includes
lead wires connecting such elements and expressed in any manner in semiconductor
integrated circuit
